구루 고빈드 싱

구루 고빈드 싱(Guru Gobind Singh, 1666년 12월 22일 ~ 1708년 10월 7일,^[1]^[2] 본명: 고빈드 다스, 고빈드 라이^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8])은 영성자, 전사, 시인, 철학자이다. 아버지 구루 테그 바하두르는 아우랑제브에 의해 처형되었다. 4명의 아들이 사망했는데, 그 중 두 명은 전사했고 나머지 두 명은 무굴 제국의 통치자 와지르 칸에 의해 처형되었다.^[9]^[10]^[11]

시크교에 많은 기여를 하였다.

각주

↑ Ganda Singh. “GOBIND SINGH, GURU (1666–1708)”. 《Encyclopaedia of Sikhism》. Punjabi University Patiala. 2017년 7월 29일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2016년 3월 7일에 확인함.
↑ Owen Cole, William; Piara Singh Sambhi (1995). 《The Sikhs: Their Religious Beliefs and Practice》. Sussex Academic Press. 36쪽.
↑ Grewal 1998, 70쪽: "Though historians generally refer to the young Gobind as Gobind Rai, in the hukamnamas of Guru Tegh Bahadur he is referred to as Gobind Das."
↑ Grewal, J. S. (2019년 7월 25일). 《Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708): Master of the White Hawk》 (영어). Oxford University Press. 45쪽. ISBN 978-0-19-099038-1.
↑ ^[3]^[4]
↑ Cole, W. Owen (2004년 8월 26일). 《Understanding Sikhism》 (영어). Dunedin Academic Press Ltd. 68쪽. ISBN 978-1-906716-91-2. Guru Gobind Singh's name was Gobind Das or sometimes said to be Gobind Rai, but from the founding of the Khalsa he is known to be Guru Gobind Singh.
↑ McLeod, W. H. (1997). 《Sikhism》 (영어). Penguin Books. 47쪽. ISBN 978-0-14-025260-6. Gobind Das was the original name of the Tenth Guru, at least so it seems. Muslim sources generally refer to him as Gobind Rai, but documents issued by his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, give his name as Gobind Das.
↑ Guru Gobind Singh in the final verse of his composition, Chaupai Sahib, refers to himself as Gobind Das.
↑ Seiple, Chris; Hoover, Dennis; Otis, Pauletta (2013). 《The Routledge Handbook of Religion and Security》. Routledge. 93쪽. ISBN 978-0-415-66744-9. ;
Richards, John F. (1995). 《The Mughal Empire》. Cambridge University Press. 255–258쪽. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2.
↑ “The Sikh Review”. 《Sikh Cultural Centre》 20 (218–229): 28. 1972.
↑ Hardip Singh Syan (2013). 《Sikh Militancy in the Seventeenth Century: Religious Violence in Mughal and Early Modern India》. I.B.Tauris. 218–222쪽. ISBN 978-1-78076-250-0.

외부 링크

위키미디어 공용에 구루 고빈드 싱 관련 미디어 분류가 있습니다.
위키인용집에 구루 고빈드 싱 관련 문서가 있습니다.

[eos-1] Ganda Singh. “GOBIND SINGH, GURU (1666–1708)”. 《Encyclopaedia of Sikhism》. Punjabi University Patiala. 2017년 7월 29일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2016년 3월 7일에 확인함.

[colesambhip36-2] Owen Cole, William; Piara Singh Sambhi (1995). 《The Sikhs: Their Religious Beliefs and Practice》. Sussex Academic Press. 36쪽.

[3] Grewal 1998, 70쪽: "Though historians generally refer to the young Gobind as Gobind Rai, in the hukamnamas of Guru Tegh Bahadur he is referred to as Gobind Das."

[4] Grewal, J. S. (2019년 7월 25일). 《Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708): Master of the White Hawk》 (영어). Oxford University Press. 45쪽. ISBN 978-0-19-099038-1.

[5] [3]^[4]

[6] Cole, W. Owen (2004년 8월 26일). 《Understanding Sikhism》 (영어). Dunedin Academic Press Ltd. 68쪽. ISBN 978-1-906716-91-2. Guru Gobind Singh's name was Gobind Das or sometimes said to be Gobind Rai, but from the founding of the Khalsa he is known to be Guru Gobind Singh.

[7] McLeod, W. H. (1997). 《Sikhism》 (영어). Penguin Books. 47쪽. ISBN 978-0-14-025260-6. Gobind Das was the original name of the Tenth Guru, at least so it seems. Muslim sources generally refer to him as Gobind Rai, but documents issued by his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, give his name as Gobind Das.

[8] Guru Gobind Singh in the final verse of his composition, Chaupai Sahib, refers to himself as Gobind Das.

[Routledge-9] Seiple, Chris; Hoover, Dennis; Otis, Pauletta (2013). 《The Routledge Handbook of Religion and Security》. Routledge. 93쪽. ISBN 978-0-415-66744-9. ;
Richards, John F. (1995). 《The Mughal Empire》. Cambridge University Press. 255–258쪽. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2.

[10] “The Sikh Review”. 《Sikh Cultural Centre》 20 (218–229): 28. 1972.

[11] Hardip Singh Syan (2013). 《Sikh Militancy in the Seventeenth Century: Religious Violence in Mughal and Early Modern India》. I.B.Tauris. 218–222쪽. ISBN 978-1-78076-250-0.

[1]

[2]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[3]

[4]