위키프로젝트:행정 구역/1

다음은 위키프로젝트:행정 구역/도시 총의에 의해 작성된 위키백과 도시 문서 구성을 위한 지침입니다. 이 지침은 세계 거의 모든 도시에 적용 되지만, 일부 도시에서는 약간의 다른 구성으로 작성할 수 있습니다.

The order of sections is also completely optional, and sections may be moved around to a different order based on the needs of their city. Editors are strongly encouraged, however, to at least begin with the lead and infobox (if any), followed by history, geography, demographics, and economy, since these sections have some good basic information that might be sought after by readers first. Beyond that, editors working on city articles are advised to come to a consensus that works best for the city in question.

While it is just a guideline and there are no requirements to follow it in editing, it contains some of the basic elements of a city article, as well as useful tips that would help to bring the article to good article or featured article status.

For cities in Canada, you may wish to consult this guideline, and for Japan, this guideline

The introductory section should introduce the article about the city, serving as a concise overview of the article, establishing context, summarizing the most important points, and explaining why the subject is interesting or notable.

This section should follow the guidelines specified under WP:LEAD. Additionally, a couple of items should be included in the lead section for city articles, including:

Name of city and location in state
City proper population (US Census figures should be used. When appropriate, other reliable estimates may be included as a supplement to Census figures.)
Metro population (US Census figures should be used. When appropriate, other reliable estimates may be included as a supplement to Census figures.)
Brief note about historical roots/founding
Nicknames, if notable
Primary industries supporting its economy (e.g. service, manufacturing, tourism, etc ...)
Notable unusual characteristics and characteristics commonly associated with it

Aspects of the metropolitan area other than population should be mostly avoided here and relegated to the proper metro area articles.

Names of the city should be given in each of the city's official languages. Pronunciation of the city name should be in IPA as per Help:IPA for English, though can also be in the main local language(s) if thought helpful.

The "red dot" maps for cities (found in the infobox, if any) are being produced by a number of Wikipedians.

역사

This section provides a narrative of the settlement's history. Topics that can be covered include, but are not limited to:

the origin of the name; etymology if appropriate
original inhabitants
original settlements
occupying powers/transitions of power
population spikes
recessions
reasons for settlement/growth
dominant activities
events that shaped the community

Most libraries will have books on local history. Be wary of loose interpretations, especially when using internet or promotional sources.

Note: History sections can easily become very long with more detail than appropriate for a general overview. While there is no strict rule on how long a section may be, as a general rule of thumb, more than 10 paragraphs or the use of subsection headings might indicate that it should be accompanied by a History of _ main article (using the main template). Only describe the minimum of what is required to understand where the community has come from and let the History of _ article give the details.

Avoid using second-level headings, since they tend to encourage excessive detail and length, and can disrupt cohesion.

지리

This section provides a description of the physical geography. Topics that can be covered include, but are not limited to:

the settlement's context in the region
topography, natural features, landscape
cityscape and skyline
wildlife and vegetation
neighborhoods
infrastructure

The purpose is to describe the settlement as a geographic entity and space. Describe how the settlement exists in the larger region (for example, port on a river, harbor on a sea, agricultural community in the prairies, village in the mountains, suburb of city). The settlement as a geographic space is illustrated best with a map but can be explained by detailing the layout of the transportation infrastructure, neighborhoods, types of residential areas in relation to commercial or industrial spaces, etc.

If a coordinate (latitude and longitude) is included in the infobox, if there is any, remove any existing article coordinate from this section. There should be only one coordinate relating to the article present. (Other coordinates for points related to the topic are acceptable, such as historic locations of a moved settlement, relocated features, etc.) In the past, standard practice was to include several coordinate instances: one in the infobox, one in Geography (often repeated in several notations), and once in the external links section using a Geolink or Mapit template. Such replication is confusing, uselessly redundant, and creates maintenance complexity. A coordinate formatted by {{coord}} or {{Infobox settlement}} links to all known map resources, so previous practice is unnecessary.

2012년 기준^[update], many places still use area figures from the imported 2000 Census data. Check the latest Census for updated land and water area figures, which can be found in the Gazetteer Files or at FactFinder in the place's G001 (Geographic Identifiers) table.

기후

This section provides general climatic conditions that have been recorded in the community. The purpose is to describe what weather should be expected and why. Topics include average, high, and low temperatures, precipitation (rain, snow, or both), wind, etc. Numbers can sometimes be best displayed and understood using a table.

인구 통계

역사적 인구
인구조사	인구	%±
1990년	40,325	—
2000년	41,683	3.4%
2010년	42,184	1.2%
U.S. Decennial Census^[1]

This section provides a demographic profile of the community, and usually relies on census data.

Do NOT include population projections past present time per WP:CRYSTAL.
The US Census should be the primary source of demographic data. If census estimates or other reliable sources of demographic data are included, the additional data should supplement – not replace – the most recent available data from the decennial census.
Do NOT be overly precise in generating numbers or percentages. Follow WP:MOSNUM#Decimal points and WP:NOT#STATS when presenting percentages with decimal places.

경제

Presumably the majority of the people in the city work for a living, what do they do? What industries/sectors can support so many people? Who are the biggest employers? How did the economy take form and change over time?

It is important to maintain a professional and neutral discussion here: avoid spam. Though often unintentional promotional language and formatting slips in, be conscious of words and phrases here and use footnotes appropriately (not as an excuse for an external link). If a particular company has been crucial to the economy then discuss it but avoid listing company names for no other reason than just mentioning them.

예술 및 문화

This section should include a description of the cultural aspects of the city, such as points of interest, museums, libraries, mentions of the city in the popular entertainment, etc. Try to minimize the use of peacock terms in this section.

It is arguably the most tempting section for OR and unsourced material. Do not do it! Local festivals, food, accents, etc ... are easy to find sources for. You might consider dividing this up into several subsections, like so:

연례 문화 행사

Yearly events that occur in the city (state fair, art show, festivals, etc)

관광

Talk about some of the major points of interest.

스포츠

Describe any major league professional teams or major Division 1 college teams. Describe other sports that people participate in, particularly sports that are unique or particularly popular in that city (e.g., jai alai in Miami, or skiing in Aspen). It is common practice for sports sections to include discussions of teams that are within the metro area, even if the team's home venue is outside the city limits.

Note: Sports sections can become very long, with more detail than appropriate for a general overview. If the Sports section is more than 1.5 pages on a normal full-size computer screen, the recommended practice is to:

Create a Sports in __ article, and copy all the detailed Sports information to that page.
Insert in the Cities article a link to the Sports article (using the main template).
Reduce the length of the sports discussion in the Cities article. Describe only the most prominent sports and teams; do not include amateur teams or semi-pro teams.

공원과 오락

Are there any major parks in the city? What do people do for fun?

Since this article is somewhat related to sports, it would be advisable to place it immediately after the sports section. In smaller cities and towns with no major league professional sports, it might actually work better to combine this section with sports, using a suggested section title of 'Sports and recreation'.

행정

This section should include a description of the local city government, such as the mayor's office, city council or legislature, city manager (if applicable), and how these entities interact. For larger cities, you might include information on the local government politics as well.

Secondly, a brief paragraph about finance: spending for a recent year, proposed spending, or both, with footnotes to the full reports. The method of taxation: sales tax/real estate/personal property. The total number of government employees could be listed.

교육

Provide information on notable public and private schools in the city, as well as any colleges and universities that might be present. You might also include some information on the school board, as well as how many students and teachers are in the system. Are there any top-rated schools in the city? What about top-rated teachers (teacher of the year)? Be sure to include references for top-rated schools/teachers.

Do NOT list all the schools in a city unless this is a very short list.

매체

What is the major daily newspaper in town? Are there any alternative weekly publications? Television and radio stations? You might also talk about the city's media market and audience demographics here. If any major motion pictures, television shows, or syndicated radio broadcasts were filmed/recorded or originated in the city, this would probably be a good place to put that information.

It is very easy to make this article a list of radio and TV stations, movies, TV shows, etc. This should be avoided, instead constructing the information as prose.

사회 시설

교통

Include:

Major highways, street layout (if notable)
Mass transit (if applicable)
Intercity transit including Amtrak, buses, major airports
Other: are bicycling or walking significant transportation modes?

Make sure if a future transit system is planned to include all present infrastructure first, placing future proposals and construction afterward.

공공산업

Include information on major electric and water utilities serving the city.

의료

Include information on hospitals and clinics in the city. Some general information about the overall health of the population might be useful as well.

출신 인물

Provide information, preferably in prose form, of any famous or notable individuals that were born, or lived for a significant amount of time, in the city. A bulleted list noting the connection the person has with the city as indicated in Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Embedded lists#"Children" (i.e., Indentation) may be used if appropriate. Simple lists of names add little of value and may be subject to abuse. More developed articles, especially those which have gone through WP:GA and WP:FA, tend to have this section written out as prose. The talkpage may be used in the early stages of an article's development to simply list people who are connected with a city. If the section grows then it may be split out per WP:Summary style into a stand alone article or list (such as List of people from Foo) which can be linked to via the {{main}} template placed at the top of the section. However, it is common for a link to just be placed in the 'see also' section.

Relevant guidelines are: WP:EMBED, WP:NLIST and WP:Source list, and should be consulted for up to date advice.

도시의 특정한 주제

Additional subject headings might be added depending on the city. For example, the Louisville, Kentucky article has a section dealing with the city's nomenclature and pronunciation, since its name is often mispronounced.

It is also common for many early articles to contain trivia sections, such as generic listings of information, usually near the end of the article. This is ok in the early stages, as it enables many users to quickly add information to the article without worrying about where to place it. But keep in mind that trivia sections are discouraged in articles, and should be removed (but do not delete the information; rather, transfer it to more relevant sections) prior to nominating the article for good article or featured article status.

자매도시

Sister city relationships may be listed in alphabetical order. A good reference for sister cities is the Sister Cities International website.

A flagicon template can be used to provide a small national flag icon next to the listing of each city. An example of how to list cities using this template is below:

틀:나라자료 Sierra Leone Bo (Sierra Leone)
틀:나라자료 Mexico Mexico City (Mexico)
틀:나라자료 Canada Ottawa (Canada)
틀:나라자료 Italy Pedavena, Veneto (Italy, If a province or state is to be included)
틀:나라자료 Jamaica Port Antonio (Jamaica)
Washington, D.C. (United States)

같이 보기

A brief listing of other Wikipedia articles that might be related to this city. Links to external websites should not be placed in this section.

출처/ 주

List all sources used in building the article in this section. Instructions for doing this are at Wikipedia:Citing sources and Wikipedia:Verifiability. Either title is acceptable for this section, but not both together (see WP:CITE#How to present citations for details).

Some examples can be found in the following featured articles:

참고 문헌

A brief listing of books and external sources that are not directly cited within the article (under references), but might be of interest to the reader.

외부 링크

A link to some of the official websites should be provided here, such as the official city government, or the convention and visitors bureau. Providing links to every commercial, educational, or other entity within the city is not appropriate for this section. Information about such entities should actually be written into the article, with links to Wikipedia articles on notable entities. Remember, Wikipedia is not a linkfarm, and excessive lists of links on articles will generally be removed.

Latitude and longitude should be present only once and linked to the mapping services by using either {{Infobox settlement}} or {{Coord|lat|long|type:city(population)_region:ISO3166-code|display=title}}. For region codes, use either a two character ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code, or an ISO 3166-2 region code.

You may use {{Sister project links}}, or other individual sister project templates, to link to some of wikipedia's sister project sites that might have pertinent information on the city.

Additional guidelines on external links can be found at WP:EL.

꼬리말

Navigational templates (e.g., {{Geographic location}}), category links, stub templates, or interlanguage links may follow the last appendix section.

Additional tips for authors

Official Website

The official website link for the city should be placed in two places: the "website" field of the infobox, and the "External links" section at the bottom of the article.

Photos

Please examine the article after adding photos to ensure they don't cause problems with the layout of the article.

Carefully consider the location of photos within the article to prevent large amounts of whitespace in the final layout of the article. If photos cause layout issues, then move the photo up/down, left/right or re-size/remove to avoid these types of problems.

Photos around tables (i.e. temperature) and floating templates (i.e. infobox, census) are common locations for layout problems within wiki articles.

If possible, check the article on various display resolution to verify if there are any layout problems, including 4:3 ratio displays and wide screen 16:9 / 16:10. Narrower width screens will layout differently than wider screens.

↑ U.S. Decennial Census; census.gov

[1] U.S. Decennial Census; census.gov

[1]